BEAUTIFUL VIEW

In the majority of vehicle owners will do so refueling the fuel tank is empty alias exhausted. It is indeed true but there was just time to refuel recommended. Of course there's a reason that is your saving efforts. So, when is the best time to refuel?

A. Refueling should be done at night because:

* Each of the fuel vaporization process occurs, if the charging is done at night will reduce the evaporation process. Because at night the amount of evaporation would be less than during the day.

* Due to the amount of fuel that evaporates less at night it means reducing the risk of fuel burned in any given content which makes it much less exposed to heat quickly burned during the day.

2. Let's not wait for the fuel tank is completely empty to refuel. ¼ It is advisable to leave the fuel during charging. Because when the fuel tank is completely empty

there will be more water condensation in the tank. It affects the quality of fuel.

3. Do not forget to always check the fuel supply indicators at all times so that you can control the fuel injection and not run out on the road. [erf/cbrmn/oto]

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Japan is one country that seriously address energy conservation. Demonstrated its seriousness of the concern to find ways to save energy consumption, ranging from small to large impact.

Starting from that it does not cost anything additional to the berongkos exorbitant. Performed starting from a given voluntarily to incentives. The spirit of Japan to save energy consumption, especially petroleum, deserves two thumbs up and thumbs exemplary. The following will try to implement the spirit of Japan's energy conservation for the life environment of Indonesia.

The success of energy saving program in Japan is inseparable from the existence of The Energy Conservation Center, Japan (ECCJ), an organization responsible for promoting energy conservation. ECCJ that was built in 1978, or two years after the oil crisis of the world, among others, provide information about conservation technologies, laws and regulations related to conservation, training, testing energy managers, and organizes seminars that promote energy savings.

Segments of the energy into the target user is the industrial sector, commercial, household, and transportation.

Expertise and dedication of ECCJ managers, most of them are successful leaders who have retired, causing ECCJ activity is impacting the success of energy conservation in Japan.

Seriously though minor

One user sector's fuel consumption is still potential is pressed automotive sector, especially two-wheelers and four-wheel drive. Many of the least fuel consumption by vehicles is mainly determined by the volume (cc) engine. The larger cc, the more the need of fuel per unit distance traveled. Example, 100 cc motorcycle fuel consumed only 1:35 (one liter of fuel for an average mileage of 40 kilometers).

Compare with a 1000 cc car which has a ratio of 1:12 and cars 2000 cc with a ratio of 1:7. But, for every type of vehicle engine cc size is fixed, there are other factors that influence whether or not wasteful fuel consumption of vehicles, as described below.

The heavier the vehicle, the more extravagant the vehicle fuel consumption. Car owners have a habit of carrying goods to anywhere the car is running even if the goods are not required. For golf players, golf club store and completeness in the trunk of a car is not unusual that when there is an invitation to play, equipment is available. Weight of a set of golf clubs can reach 1-15 pounds.

For a relatively old car, which has started being fussy, in the trunk of a car is usually no oil reserves, water, batteries, radiator water, tow rope, and some even keep two spare tire in the trunk.

All items that do not actually need this added weight of the vehicle and make the machine more extravagant. If it is usually for mileage of 50 kilometers only need 5.5 liters, with the additional burden of "weird" before, the consumption of 5.88 liters of fuel to be more wasteful or 0.38 liters for the same mileage. If there are 100,000 cars in Jakarta that the behavior of car owners as above, then in one day was 38 235 liters of waste occurs. Motorists in Japan only carry auto supplies as needed. Luggage is also limited to only that necessary.

Vehicle readiness

From talking with a mechanical workshop, often the driver brought the car to the garage for other purposes such as washing the car, but the mechanic found that there is a breakdown vehicle brake systems. The driver did not realize it until the mechanic told him.

Vehicle brake system is not good that they can sometimes cause the tire rotation is somewhat restrained by the brake. The indication,

tire rim to heat up when the car is usually taken to walk, felt the pull of the machine not powered when the car is running slow to stop the car will quickly reach the stop position. If this situation occurs, a more wasteful use of fuel. Therefore, if the driver felt the braking system disorders, do not delay it checked out to the garage.

State of the heavy traffic in large cities often forcing the driver to accelerate the vehicle from being stopped, and after moving a little sudden need to press the brake pedal. Such behavior is often done at the driver's traffic jams. The reason, if a state vehicle from a stop because of traffic jams began to run slowly, it could be a car on the left or the right of a sudden cut to the front, fill the place left by the car in front of the previous

That are not often in the interplay of impatient drivers, usually the driver in major cities immediately step on the gas when the car in front of the move. Engine speed in first gear is direct 3000's figures. In fact, only 15 feet had stopped moving again. Therefore, the car should be on the brakes.

Such behavior is common and causes a lot of wasted fuel. Japanese driver in an orderly manner, not even a traffic jam interplay with each other. Therefore, there's nothing wrong driver Indonesia is also trying to be patient, run the vehicle without imposed gradually.

Private cars in cities nearly all of them have air conditioning. From observations on the streets, most of the private vehicle air-conditioning turned on while driving. The use of air conditioning is affecting the use of fuel. Several types of car shows that fuel consumption differences vary much between when to use air conditioning with air-conditioning when not in use. For example, when no air conditioning, fuel usage of 1:11, ie 1 liter for 11 kilometers on average. If you use air conditioning, fuel consumption to be 1:7 on average. Had to leave early trip to the office and home that night as far as 2 x 25 kilometer, fuel economy when the car is running without the AC is 2.6 liters per day or up to 30 percent savings.

Only, how to be comfortable driving in Jakarta without turning on the AC? Easy, left early morning and return after dark so that the air is relatively cool.

Turn off the engine

Japan is currently trying to implement custom start off the engine when the vehicle stopped for a red traffic light. Experiments initiated by public transport buses in major cities. Although this has not been loved in Japan, but what they do indicate that whatever they try to suppress the consumption of fuel.

How to turn off the engine at the traffic light was red may not be appropriate in Indonesia. In addition because of the time it takes for the light turns from red to green from a relatively short time, in that way requires that the car should be in good health.

Lest, after the engine is turned off for a red light, as would be the start, the machine crashed because The battery is worn out.

Avoid congestion

Japanese driver is trying to avoid congestion. Which is to avoid driving at to and from the office. Once upon a time in the travel, tour guide reminded that all passengers re-assembled at 15.00 in order to avoid congestion and move to leave the city no later than 16.00. If the vehicle is running in the middle of traffic, fuel consumption will be much more, but certainly tiring.

Drivers in big cities in Indonesia can implement the spirit of avoiding this bottleneck. For example, leave early, leave late. When you have to drive at rush hour, seek to find alternative routes to avoid congestion.

Japanese society does not attempt to create events that may create a traffic jam. Even to create a show in busy traffic location, the event organizers ahead of time had already told the public of the possibility of disruption of traffic, not even informing the alternative pathways.

In Indonesia are different again. Often weddings, birthday parties and other celebrations to close the public road which causes traffic to be shifted to a more narrow path and further afield.

Or, if there are weddings in mansions, the streets also become bogged down because of the guests invited are all private car use. What if someone took the initiative to organize a wedding reception in his spare time? For example, on Sunday between the hours of 09:00 to 12:00 hours? The time is unusual. But, surely the streets are not jammed, the fuel is not wasted.

Opportunities for energy savings in Indonesia is still open. If state officials have appealed to conserve energy usage, follow-up is up to the public. Clearly, saving energy consumption will ensure the achievement of harmony: economic efficiency, environmental protection, and long-term availability of energy.

Benny Marbun

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An electrical distribution system groups electric generators, electrical  loads, their interconnection elements, and the management and protection systems of this interconnection.

This system has the primary responsibility to generate electrical energy from the mechanical energy coming from the rotational shaft of the explosion motor. Second, it has the responsibility to distribute this energy to those loads that demand it and to store the rest. As Figure 1.1 shows, three main subsystems can be identified in a conventional distribution system of any car.

1.3.1 BATTERY AND ITS CHARGING SYSTEM

The battery is an electrical storage device whose function is to store the energy, usually thanks to an  electrochemical process, that is generated by the generator device and is not consumed by the loads. Moreover, it allows the supply of the loads even when the motor is stopped and provides the peak of energy demanded when the motor starts. The charging system, usually composed by an alternator, a rectifier, and a voltage regulator, keeps the optimal level of charge of the battery to supply the loads.

1.3.2 MOTOR STARTER SYSTEM

Nowadays a small DC motor, with less than 3 kW of power, forces the crank of the explosion motor until the appearance of ignition of the air-fuel mixture in the cylinders. The ignition usually appears after a few seconds, and during the first hundreds of milliseconds the consumed current can exceed 500 A.

1.3.3 MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

Today automobiles have a very complex management system. One part has the responsibility of the interconnection and the protection of the loads: body electrical systems, lighting systems, in-car entertainment, and so on. Another part controls and defines the optimal parameters for a correct behavior of the motor. Finally, the chassis control system looks after the brake management, the suspension, and, in general, the active security systems of the automobile.

Handbook of Automotive Power Electronics and Motor Drives

Edited by

Ali Emadi

Illinois Institute of Technology

Chicago, Illinois, U.S.A.

Boca Raton

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Dress up your car such as caring for oneself, because the car is a mirror of personality. That the car dirty, mean person may not be able to take care of themselves.

The car also has a right to beauty. He would protest if not dressed up, by way of breaking down or damaged. For those who know about it, then they will take care of his car with a balk. Furthermore the relationship of people and the car had not be separated from everyday activities.

In addition to means of transport, the car also became a symbol of self-image. So great was the role of an automobile, the owner continues to make the engine and body care routine.

Talk care issues in particular car body care, can actually be done by yourself without having to go to a salon car. It is even more efficient compared with the services of the salon. Edwar, an entrepreneur recognizes, every six days must pay a minimum of Rp 500 thousand for the care of her BMW paint to keep it shiny. This amount is not too large when compared to the cost of caring for a luxury car.

Car care needs are an integral part of car maintenance in general. This needs to be used by entrepreneurs to open a salon car, car care services. So also with H. Ival Rivaldi, Ivory Motor Station owner, who was in Kalibata Indah.

"In addition to interior and exterior cleaning, we also sell car cleaning products," said Ival. Male graduates of Al-Azhar University of Cairo, majoring in philosophy is to add, if you want a little tired and there is no harm in taking the time to clean your own car. More efficient, not the cost of cleaning. Enough to buy cleaning products for interior and exterior of the car.

There are some exterior cleaning products that can be used, among other things, Car Wash for the production of body shampoo price of about $ 52 thousand. If do not want to use Amway products can be replaced with Wash Wax Kit price of about $ 85 thousand. To clean the car from dust and the lands attached to the car, can also use SC 88 pruduk CNI with a price of about $ 88 thousand. Was to let it shine polishing body can use Silone Glaza Rp 68 thousand.

"If we are diligent in cleaning the car, the car would still look beautiful, clean and protected from rust. Not hard to take care of the car, almost the same as taking care of themselves," it added Aceh bloody man. As for the interior cleaning can wear for Car Protestant RP 73 thousand.

Wash, remove spots and mildew on the car should be done while the vehicle is cold, in the open, shaded and starts at the bottom. By spraying water on a regular basis. After wrapping, wipe each fender hole. Clean wheels and wheel by using a brush. Spray water on the entire bottom of the gap can be seen. After that wash over the body, starting from the glass. Do not forget to use the shampoo as directed. After wrapping, spray water with a loud enough pressure on the curves and body connection. Once dry spray with a compressor pump (if have), the groove portions and the whole car.

Eliminates spots and Mushrooms

Look for car polishing materials that do not contain destructive compound paint. And polishing materials that make car paint remains a youthful, polished and eliminates spots, one of which Kit Original Paste Wax.

Apply this polishing material on the area of ​​reach, to be evenly distributed. Rub with a special fabric to make a brief reference to the car. When dry proceed to the next and so on. Repeat if the spots have not gone well.

Perform this activity is covered and a shady place. Once polished flat, drying in the open car about one hour. If less sleek, repeat the same activity a week later. Also continue with similar activities at least twice a month.

Somewhat different from the spots, eliminating the fungus is clearly more difficult. Generally requires two compounds, mildew remover and body polishing. Efforts to eliminate the fungus on the glass every car has its own character. Japanese production car to car easier than the output of Europe and the United States.

Once the car is washed and dried, apply a mold-relieving drugs. Wipe evenly, then wipe with a polishing material. Observe whether the fungus is gone or not. Lika has not gone away, do it again. Need to watch out for, against fungi busting ingredients, the wrong choice can ruin car paint.

Mushrooms on the car that bad, could be an alternative abrasive machine to remove the spots. do not be sloppy, one could increase the use of damaging the paint scratched clan.

Necessary expertise and caution. If not, use the salon services cars because they are more skilled clan know what to do.

Things to remember if you want to use the car salon services

A. Look for a salon that has a clear address. Avoid roadside salon. Not that salon professionals and the curb is not qualified. This is just to maintain the security of the car and avoid scams.

2. Facilities. Note the service facilities provided that they offer jobs clan. What is more important to ask the cost, sometimes differ between the fare advertised by real events. Compare with other car salon. lika better, move to the good.

3. How to receive orders. Notice how they accept the order and the ethics of communication. Those who often receive orders means the customer has a salon car lot. Saloon cars that a lot of clients, it means the car is a nice salon.

translate,

Sources: Male Emporium / cbn.net.id

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A nearly $60,000 Hyundai that will compete with the likes of the BMW 7-series, the Mercedes-Benz S-class, the Lexus LS, and the Audi A8, which all cost considerably more? Laugh if you must, car guy, and then start mentally preparing yourself for the apology you’ll want to have handy once you start seeing Hyundai Equuses huttling their well-heeled owners around town. They laughed when Lexus sat down, too.

We’re not here to tell you that the vaunted German and Japanese giants have been displaced as the mother ships of luxury sedan brands. We are saying, however, that the inexorable rise of Korea’s Hyundai— from maker of entry-level economy cars to serious Accord/Camry competitors to proud parent of the BMW 5-series– sized Genesis, 2009’s North American Car of the Year—continues apace. There is, save snob appeal and the occasional touch of design bravery, not much in the new Equus for most buyers of large luxury conveyances to miss. Except cost. You can’t be too rich, but ostentation is not always a plus these days, as the continued sales and residual-value strength of Hyundai’s most recent move upmarket (the one some said would never work), the Genesis, have shown.

The Equus—with its rear-driven highly sculpted yet on refl ection strangely anodyne. You’ll not be faulted here for thinking it the product of another company, although you’ll be more likely to guess Lexus than Audi, with which brand it shares none of the spasmodic futureforward design sensibility, inside or out, nor the interior tactility. Even compared with a Mercedes or a BMW, this is one cold, sober ride. At least, unlike the fi rstgeneration Equus (a joint venture with Mitsubishi that debuted in 1999 but never made it to America), this all-Hyundai effort isn’t a study in ugly.

Most at home on the open highway or sitting in tra c, where its massaging seats can be considered in earnest, the Equus still managed to acquit itself well on the mountain roads outside Palo Alto, California. Large though it is on the outside, the big Hyundai seems to shrink when you’re behind the wheel. With good grip, acceptable levels of body roll, and an agreeable six-speed automatic, the Equus driver never feels like a sea captain. Of the automatic, it must be said that, while it helps the heavy car serve up 24 mpg on the highway, it comes up short compared with the class-leading eight-speed ZF found in some of its expensive competition. A lack of paddle shifters underscores the Equus’s sedate mission.

Shaving 25 percent out of the price of a major luxury conveyance has to cost something. But its low cost, plus an unobtrusive demeanor and especially its spacious accommodations— available with a reclining rear seat with leg rests in the Ultimate package—make the Equus an obvious candidate for black-car service. Indeed, although the company claims that it is not interested in the airport-limo custom— yet—a Hyundai executive admitted that one New York Lincoln Town Car dealer assured them he’d take their entire anticipated fi rst year’s supply (between 2000 and 3000 cars).

While worthy, the Equus is a resolutely conventional machine. By contrast, Hyundai, which has demonstrated a growing fl air for salesmanship, is taking the opportunity of its new fl agship’s debut to explore a few cutting-edge marketing concepts. Quality hardware and a full complement of electronic gadgetry at competitive prices will draw some to this car, as will a best-in-the-business, tenyear/ 100,000-mile powertrain warranty.

But Hyundai claims it will reel in a younger and more switched-on customer base than its competitors. How? For one thing, Equus owners’ manuals won’t be printed, they’ll be an iPad application to be used on the free iPad given to every buyer. You’re welcome, Steve Jobs. A related benefi t, beyond the iPad hookup, will be the ability to arrange all service and repair work online. Indeed, Hyundai says that once you buy the car,

you’ll never have to go back to the dealer if you don’t feel like it. (Roughly 250 of the company’s 800 dealers are authorized to sell its top-of-the-line Equus.) A valet service, engaged by iPad, laptop, phone, or carrier pigeon, will arrange for the dealer to collect your car from you, leaving a Genesis or an Equus loaner in its place.

We can only wonder what car thieves will make of this iPad experiment. They’ll have a much easier time boosting, and then fencing, the computer tablet than the Equus’s mondo, seventeen-speaker stereo system, assuming they’re able to pry it from the car. But one thing is certain: the fact that this luxury liner is a Hyundai

won’t be their problem. It shouldn’t be yours, either. AM

(Automobile Magazine)

storemags & fantamag - magazines for all

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Cleaning the car on a regular basis will keep the car from the 'decay' before his time. It is comfortable utilizing the services of Automated car washes. However, if one chose, would risk stripping the wax coating and scratch the paint finish. Risks can be minimized if the activity is done at home.

Finish is a combination of paint and coating materials translucent plate that covers the body of the car. On the new car finish consists of layers of paint that are stacked by a shiny clear coating. Above the protective wax finish usually coated (protective wax). Finish must be preserved intact because it is the main protector of the auto body damage. Once the finish coating is damaged or torn, the body will be easy corrosion.

Always use a clean cotton cloth and gently. Can also wear gloves made specifically for washing cars. Using a cloth carelessly when washing or drying the car will scratch the surface. Park the car quiet place, preferably where the ramps so that washing water flows faster and faster the car dry.

Mulailkan by washing Peleg (wheels):

Liquid cleaners work better on a dry surface. Spray cleaning fluid such as the user. If the dirt is still menepel use a soft brush, do not rub too hard. When using Peleg alloy, make sure the cleaning liquid does not damage the protective layer.

Washing the body:

Flush the entire car body from top to bottom. Better when using a pistol-shaped spray of water that can be arranged power spray. By adjusting the power level bursts, dry dirt can be removed. Do not be too tight because it will push dirt into the finish layer. Do not forget the pit and Peleg sidelines. If there's dirt left use pre-cleaning solution. Pour the liquid on a rag and rubbing in the dirt. Stubborn dirt can be scrubbed a little harder. Be careful, if scratched too hard at risk. Use a special detergent to cars to the finish unprotected. Using dishwasher detergent will strip wax layer.

Pour the detergent into the cleaning bucket of cold water (hot water will melt the wax coating). Follow the instructions usage and comparison detergent and water. Never more, because it will remove more wax. The experience of many people, mixing 75% of the recommended detergent actually produce cleaner cars shiny. Try finding the most appropriate composition of your own.

When the sides of the car is dirtier than the top, hood and trunk, you can use this strategy to minimize the possibility of scratches. First, start cleaning from top to bottom. Second, replace the cloth when it will clean the dirtiest areas.

To clean the roof,

hood and trunk, start by wetting the parts to be washed. Dip a soft cloth into a tub of liquid detergent. Wipe carefully so that the surface is not scratched. Occasionally dip the rag and kucek to dissolve in the liquid detergent feces. Clean all start from the hood to the trunk. Then rinse with running water, do not spray. Never wash one section and then move to other sections and left in a state has not been rinsed. Cleaning fluid will dry and you will begin the process of washing all over again.

When the top is rinsed completely, now turn to the side, grille, and bumpers. Start by rinsing the sections that will be once again in the wash. Start from Fender. Replace the second lap to wash the bottom of the start of the fenders, grille and bumper latter. This is the most dirty parts, so keep it clean with a rag rubbed over and over again. Immediately rinse any part that has been washed.

Drying the car:

Take a clean cotton cloth and dry or synthetic chamois, place it on the surface will be dried. Set aside some time for lap / chamois to absorb water. Replace the other laps and do way as above to absorb the remaining water. Do not dry the surface by rubbing. Do it that way until the entire surface dry. Open the doors, hood and trunk to remove the water that drips into. Good luck.

translate fr. Mobilku.com

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Solar-powered vehicles (SPVs), such as cars, boats, bicycles, and even airplanes, use solar energy to either power an electric motor directly or charge a battery, which powers the motor. They use an array of solar photovoltaic (PV) cells (or modules made of cells) that convert sunlight into electricity. The electricity either goes directly to an electric motor

powering the vehicle or to a special storage battery. The PV array can be built (integrated) onto the vehicle body itself, or fixed on a building or a vehicle shelter to charge an electric vehicle battery when it is parked.

A solar car is basically a type of EV, but the main difference from an EV is that the batteries are charged using solar panels fitted on the surface of the car. We probably won’t be able to harness the sun’s rays to power our regular vehicles because current photovoltaic cells are too inefficient and it would need a large area of cells to create even a small amount of electricity.

SPVs that have a built-on PV array differ from conventional vehicles (and most EVs) in size, weight, maximum speed, and cost. The practicality of these types of SPVs is limited because solar cells only produce electricity when the sun is shining. Even then, a vehicle completely covered with solar cells receives only a small amount of solar energy each day, and converts an even smaller amount of that to useful energy only about 1500 to 2000 watts of electricity. Even state-of-the-art PV cells only get up to around 24% efficiency. At present, most SPVs with built-on PV arrays are only used as research, development, and educational tools, or to participate in the various SPV races held around the world.

Handbook of

Automotive Power

Electronics

and Motor Drives

Edited by

Ali Emadi

Illinois Institute of Technology

Chicago, Illinois, U.S.A.

Boca Raton London New York Singapore

A CRC title, part of the Taylor & Francis imprint, a member of the

Taylor & Francis Group, the academic division of T&F Informa plc.

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